20 questions from the FDA Food Code 2022. Pick an answer to see the rule and the section it comes from.
1. Under what condition is a food employee permitted to drink from a closed beverage container while working?
Answer: If the container is handled to prevent contamination of hands, the container itself, exposed food, clean equipment, utensils, linens, and unwrapped single-service articles. The code allows drinking from a closed container provided specific handling steps are taken to avoid contaminating hands, equipment, and food.
FDA Food Code 2022, § 2-401.11: “A FOOD EMPLOYEE may drink from a closed BEVERAGE container if the container is handled to prevent contamination of: (1) The EMPLOYEE'S hands; (2) The container; and (3) Exposed FOOD; clean EQUIPMENT, UTENSILS, and LINENS; and unwrapped SINGLE-SERVICE and SINGLE-USE ARTICLES.”
2. What is the minimum temperature for receiving hot cooked Time/Temperature Control for Safety foods?
Answer: 135°F (57°C) or above. Hot TCS foods must be received at 135°F or higher to ensure they remain safe for consumption.
FDA Food Code 2022, § 3-202.11: “TIME/TEMPERATURE CONTROL FOR SAFETY FOOD that is cooked to a temperature and for a time specified under §§ 3-401.11 - 3-401.13 and received hot shall be at a temperature of 57oC (135oF) or above.”
3. What must be done to equipment and utensils after applying poisonous or toxic materials?
Answer: Clean and sanitize them. The code requires cleaning and sanitizing equipment and utensils after the application of poisonous or toxic materials.
FDA Food Code 2022, § 7-202.12: “Cleaning and SANITIZING EQUIPMENT and UTENSILS after the application.”
4. What is the minimum internal temperature required for reheating cooked, cooled, and reheated Time/Temperature Control for Safety (TCS) food for hot holding?
Answer: 74°C (165°F). The code mandates that reheated TCS foods must reach at least 74°C (165°F) to ensure safety during hot holding.
FDA Food Code 2022, § 3-403.11: “TIME/TEMPERATURE CONTROL FOR SAFETY FOOD that is cooked, cooled, and reheated for hot holding shall be reheated so that all parts of the FOOD reach a temperature of at least 74oC (165oF) for 15 seconds.”
5. When using alternative manual warewashing equipment because standard sinks or machines are impractical, what is the required first step regarding the equipment itself?
Answer: Disassemble the equipment as necessary to allow detergent access to all parts. The code requires disassembling equipment to ensure cleaning agents reach all surfaces.
FDA Food Code 2022, § 4-603.15: “EQUIPMENT shall be disassembled as necessary to allow access of the detergent solution to all parts;”
6. When selecting a lubricant for bearings and gears located within food-contact surfaces, what specific regulatory standard must the lubricant meet?
Answer: It must meet the requirements specified in 21 CFR 178.3570. The code mandates that lubricants used in these specific mechanical areas must comply with the federal standard 21 CFR 178.3570.
FDA Food Code 2022, § 7-205.11: “Lubricants shall meet the requirements specified in 21 CFR 178.3570 Lubricants with incidental food contact, if they are used on FOOD-CONTACT SURFACES, on bearings and gears located on or within FOOD-CONTACT SURFACES, or on bearings and gears that are located so that lubricants may leak, drip, or be forced into FOOD or onto FOOD-CONTACT SURFACES.”
7. After which of the following activities must a food employee wash their hands?
Answer: After coughing, sneezing, using a tissue, eating, drinking, or using tobacco products. The regulation lists coughing, sneezing, using tissues, eating, drinking, and tobacco use as specific triggers for handwashing.
FDA Food Code 2022, § 2-301.14: “(D) Except as specified in ¶ 2-401.11(B), after coughing, sneezing, using a handkerchief or disposable tissue, using TOBACCO PRODUCTS, eating, or drinking;”
8. What is the minimum height requirement for storing cleaned equipment and utensils above the floor?
Answer: At least 15 cm (6 inches). The code mandates that these items be stored at least 15 cm (6 inches) off the floor to prevent contamination.
FDA Food Code 2022, § 4-903.11: “Except as specified in ¶ (D) of this section, cleaned EQUIPMENT and UTENSILS, laundered LINENS, and SINGLE-SERVICE and SINGLE-USE ARTICLES shall be stored: (1) In a clean, dry location; (2) Where they are not exposed to splash, dust, or other contamination; and (3) At least 15 cm (6 inches) above the floor.”
9. How should a food employee with a diagnosed nontyphoidal Salmonella infection and no symptoms be managed?
Answer: Restrict the employee. The code mandates restriction for asymptomatic nontyphoidal Salmonella infections regardless of the population served.
FDA Food Code 2022, § 2-201.12: “RESTRICT the FOOD EMPLOYEE who works in a FOOD ESTABLISHMENT serving a HIGHLY SUSCEPTIBLE POPULATION or in a FOOD ESTABLISHMENT not serving a HIGHLY SUSCEPTIBLE POPULATION.”
10. Who is required to be a certified food protection manager in a standard food establishment?
Answer: The person in charge of the establishment. The regulation specifically mandates that the individual designated as the person in charge must hold the certification.
FDA Food Code 2022, § 2-102.12: “The PERSON IN CHARGE shall be a certified FOOD protection manager who has shown proficiency of required information through passing a test that is part of an ACCREDITED PROGRAM.”
11. What is required regarding written procedures for non-continuous cooking processes?
Answer: They must be approved by the regulatory authority and kept available for inspection. Written procedures must be pre-approved by the regulatory authority and kept on-site for inspection.
FDA Food Code 2022, § 3-401.14: “Prepared and stored according to written procedures that: (1) Have obtained prior APPROVAL from the REGULATORY AUTHORITY; Pf (2) Are maintained in the FOOD ESTABLISHMENT and are available to the REGULATORY AUTHORITY upon request;”
12. Under what specific condition may a roast be held at 54°C (130°F) instead of the standard hot holding temperature?
Answer: If it was cooked to a specified temperature and time or reheated as specified. Roasts have a lower holding threshold only if they meet specific cooking or reheating criteria.
FDA Food Code 2022, § 3-501.16: “except that roasts cooked to a temperature and for a time specified in ¶ 3-401.11(B) or reheated as specified in ¶ 3403.11(E) may be held at a temperature of 54oC (130oF) or above”
13. Which cheese variety is permitted to be unpasteurized under specific CFR provisions?
Answer: Cheeses that are cured according to specified procedures. The exception to the pasteurization rule applies specifically to cheeses cured under specified CFR procedures.
FDA Food Code 2022, § 3-202.14: “Cheese shall be obtained pasteurized unless alternative procedures to pasteurization are specified in the CFR, such as 21 CFR 133 - Cheeses and related cheese products, for curing certain cheese varieties.”
14. How should rinsing be handled when using a warewashing machine that recycles the sanitizing solution?
Answer: Use a nondistinct water rinse that is integrated in the application of the sanitizing solution. For machines that recycle sanitizing solution, the rinse water is mixed into the sanitizing application rather than being a separate step.
FDA Food Code 2022, § 4-603.16: “If using a WAREWASHING machine that recycles the SANITIZING solution for use in the next wash cycle, use of a nondistinct water rinse that is integrated in the application of the SANITIZING solution.”
15. Under what condition may laundered linens and packaged single-service articles be stored in a locker room?
Answer: When they are PACKAGED or in a facility such as a cabinet. The exception allows storage in locker rooms only if the items are packaged or contained within a facility like a cabinet.
FDA Food Code 2022, § 4-903.12: “Laundered LINENS and SINGLE-SERVICE and SINGLE-USE ARTICLES that are PACKAGED or in a facility such as a cabinet may be stored in a locker room.”
16. For a shucked shellfish package holding less than one-half gallon, what specific date must appear on the label?
Answer: The "Sell by" or "best if used by" date. Small packages (under half a gallon) require a 'sell by' or 'best if used by' date rather than just the shucking date.
FDA Food Code 2022, § 3-202.18: “"Sell by" or "best if used by" date for SHUCKED SHELLFISH PACKAGES with a capacity of less than 1.89 L (one-half gallon)”
17. When labeling a food made from multiple ingredients, how must the ingredients be listed?
Answer: In descending order of predominance by weight. Ingredients must be listed starting with the one that weighs the most and ending with the one that weighs the least.
FDA Food Code 2022, § 3-602.11: “If made from two or more ingredients, a list of ingredients and subingredients in descending order of predominance by weight”
18. How long may the ambient air temperature in a hot holding vending machine be below 57°C (135°F) immediately after being filled?
Answer: No more than 120 minutes. Hot holding machines are allowed up to two hours for the temperature to stabilize after being restocked.
FDA Food Code 2022, § 4-204.19: “In a hot holding vending machine, the ambient air temperature may not be less than 57 oC (135 oF) for more than 120 minutes immediately after the machine is filled, serviced, or restocked.”
19. Which sanitizers are exempt from the requirement to be provided and available during all hours of operation?
Answer: Sanitizers generated on-site at the time of use. The regulation specifically excludes sanitizers that are created immediately before use on-site from the strict availability requirement applied to other chemical sanitizers.
FDA Food Code 2022, § 4-303.11: “Except for those that are generated on-site at the time of use, chemical SANITIZERS that are used to sanitize EQUIPMENT and UTENSILS as specified under Part 4-7, shall be provided and available for use during all hours of operation.”
20. In a manual warewashing operation, what equipment must be provided and readily accessible to ensure proper sanitation?
Answer: A thermometer for measuring washing and sanitizing temperatures. The code requires a temperature measuring device to verify that water temperatures meet sanitation standards during manual washing.
FDA Food Code 2022, § 4-302.13: “In manual WAREWASHING operations, a TEMPERATURE MEASURING DEVICE shall be provided and readily accessible for frequently measuring the washing and SANITIZING temperatures.”